Yohanan ben Zakai

Yohanan ben Zakai (Ibrani: יוחנן בן זכאייוחנן בן זכאי‎, 30 – 90 M),^[1] juga dikenal sebagai Johanan B. Zakkai, atau singkatnya ריב״ז, Ribaz, singkatan dari Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai, adalah salah satu tannaim, seorang bijak Yahudi yang penting di era Bait Suci Kedua, dan kontributor utama untuk inti teks Yudaisme Rabinik, Mishnah. Namanya sering didahului dengan gelar kehormatan, "Rabban." Ia secara luas dianggap sebagai salah satu tokoh Yahudi yang paling penting pada masanya. Makamnya terletak di Tiberias, dalam Kompleks Makam Maimonides.

Dia adalah orang bijak Yahudi pertama yang disebut dengan gelar Rabi dalam Mishnah.^[2]

^ Sanhedrin 41a
^ Hezser, Catherine (1997). The Social Structure of the Rabbinic Movement in Roman Palestine. Mohr Siebeck. hlm. 64–. ISBN 978-3-16-146797-4. We suggest that the avoidance of the title "Rabbi" for pre-70 sages may have originated with the editors of the Mishnah. The editors attributed the title to some sages and not to others. The avoidance of the title for pre-70 sages may perhaps be seen as a deliberate program on the part of these editors who wanted to create the impression that the “rabbinic movement" began with R. Yochanan b. Zakkai and that the Yavnean "academy" was something new, a notion that is sometimes already implicitly or explicitly suggested by some of the traditions available to them. This notion is not diminished by the occasional claim to continuity with the past which was limited to individual teachers and institutions and served to legitimize rabbinic authority.

[1] Sanhedrin 41a

[Hezser1997-2] Hezser, Catherine (1997). The Social Structure of the Rabbinic Movement in Roman Palestine. Mohr Siebeck. hlm. 64–. ISBN 978-3-16-146797-4. We suggest that the avoidance of the title "Rabbi" for pre-70 sages may have originated with the editors of the Mishnah. The editors attributed the title to some sages and not to others. The avoidance of the title for pre-70 sages may perhaps be seen as a deliberate program on the part of these editors who wanted to create the impression that the “rabbinic movement" began with R. Yochanan b. Zakkai and that the Yavnean "academy" was something new, a notion that is sometimes already implicitly or explicitly suggested by some of the traditions available to them. This notion is not diminished by the occasional claim to continuity with the past which was limited to individual teachers and institutions and served to legitimize rabbinic authority.

[1]

[2]